Research Proposal on the Ethical Codes of Conduct in Business of McDon

Alchemy :: Expository Essays Research Papers

Speculative chemistry The science by help of which the substance thinkers of medieval occasions endeavored to transmute the baser metals into gold or silver. There is impressive difference of assessment with regards to the historical underpinnings of the word, however it would appear to be gotten from the Arabic al=the, and kimya=chemistry, which thusly gets from the late Greek chemica=chemistry, from chumeia=a blending, or cheein, 'to spill out' or 'blend', Aryan root ghu, to pour, whence the word 'spout'. Mr. A. Wallis Budge in his Egyptian Magic, in any case, expresses that it is conceivable that it might be gotten from the Egyptian word khemeia, in other words 'the arrangement of the dark mineral', or 'powder', which was viewed as the dynamic rule in the transmutation of metals. To this name the Arabs joined the article 'al', in this way giving al-khemeia, or speculative chemistry. HISTORY OF ALCHEMY: From an early period the Egyptians had the notoriety of being able specialists in metals and, as indicated by Greek scholars, they were acquainted with their transmutation, utilizing mercury during the time spent isolating gold and silver from the local framework. The subsequent oxide should have grand forces, and it was imagined that there dwelled inside in the distinctions of the different metals, that in it their different substances were joined. This dark powder was supernaturally related to the black market type of the god Osiris, and thusly was credited with enchanted properties. In this manner there experienced childhood in Egypt the conviction that enchanted forces existed in motions and amalgams. Presumably such a conviction existed all through Europe regarding the bronze-working ranks of its few races. Its was most likely in the Byzantium of the fourth century, nonetheless, that catalytic science got undeveloped structure. There is little uncertainty tha t Egyptian custom, sifting through Alexandrian Hellenic sources was the establishment whereupon the baby science was assembled, and this is borne out by the condition that the craftsmanship was credited to Hermes Trismegistus and expected to be contained completely in his works. The Arabs, after their triumph of Egypt in the seventh century, carried on the explores of the Alexandrian school, and through their instrumentality the workmanship was brought to Morocco and hence in the eighth century to Spain, where it prospered exceedingly. Surely, Spain from the ninth to the eleventh century turned into the store of catalytic science, and the schools of Seville, Cordova and Granada were the focuses from which this science emanated all through Europe.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY LISTED BUILDINGS Example

ENERGY EFFICIENCY LISTED BUILDINGS Example ENERGY EFFICIENCY LISTED BUILDINGS â€" Essay Example > IntroductionBuilding Regulations have set requirement that allows buildings for achieving minimum level of performance which is acceptable. In this specifically deals with safety, health, accessibility and energy performance. The regulation applies to the current building work; they are general requirements for upgrading existing buildings for meeting the standards set. Major of the requirement of energy efficiency is the Building Regulations for the power and fuel efficiency (English Heritage, 2008a). Building Regulation provides information about listed buildings that are exempted from the requirement of energy efficiency. This should be something that cannot be changed and the appearance and character does not change as well. The intention of the part is to regulate the exemption work and for improving energy efficiency (English Heritage, 2008a). In case the building puts up the standard method for complying with the requirements of energy efficiency or building control bodies would be able to suggest some alternative methods for improving energy that would be able to alter the building's character and the appearance. The control bodies of the building can discuss the plan with the owner or any local authority that are responsible for conservation. They should be able to provide methods for improving the efficiency of the listed building and are able to assist in the long term conservation of the building. At last the final decision to see if this is acceptable would be vested with the local planning authority (English Heritage, 2008a). Buildings in conservation areasBuilding Regulation opines that all buildings in the area of conservation are exempted from taking special effort for becoming energy efficient. It states that the requirement of the building where the compliance meet with energy efficiency would not be altered in any character or even appearance while being in the conservation area. It is considered to be varied against the requirements of planning law which is focused on conservation areas that requires some consideration if it impacts the proposed development on any appearance on the area (English Heritage, 2008a). The external work in conservation areas requires permission; this may be required from the local planning authorities that may consider the impact on the character or even the appearance of the area. In case the authorities in the local area impose conditions which may limit work for improving energy efficiency, bodies for building control do not have any authority to work on such things. As an example, in case the planning gives permission for an extension, the condition that the windows should match the glazed windows in the host building and the new windows are exempted from the requirements, they would have to abide by it. Other situation may require the body to determine if work has been exempted from requirements of energy efficiency (English Heritage, 2008b). Some of the work for improving energy efficiency for the non-listed buildings in any conservative area would not require any planning permission, in specifics if it is confined to interiors. Although, incase such a work requires any negative impact on the appearance or character of the buildings it might be exempted from even Part L (English Heritage, 2008b).

Factors That Affect The Rate Of The United States

Hispanics homicide victims got sentences that was 31% shorter than whites (Curry, 2010). When it came to robbery Hispanics had longer sentences than whites. The race of the offender showed on difference with sentencing in his study. He also found that the relationship between the victim and offender did affect the length of sentencing by having longer sentencing. The homicide victimization of a female that is white led to a sentence that was longer than any race of males (Curry, 2010). They had a 50% increase in sentence length, while Hispanics has 34% increase in sentence length (Curry, 2010, p. 452). 13.) Having the right to vote is very important in a democracy. Depending on the state felon disenfranchisement laws takes away offender†¦show more content†¦14.) Since the 1980s the legislative changes to transfer laws was one of the ways to control juvenile crime. Legislative and prosecutorial used waivers to tried a youth as an adult. For some states did not like this waivers, so they would send the case back to juvenile court (Gabbidon Greene, 2013). During 1985 to 2007 it seem that more African American youth was being transfer to adult court no matter what type of offense that was committed. In the 1990s for the offense against the person African American youth was transfer twice as much as whites and three times as more with drug offenses (Gabbidon Greene, 2013). But by 2007 it was about the same for blacks and white juveniles to be transfer to adult court. In the 1980s about 20% of juveniles that was arrested was female, but between 1983 and 1997 the arrest for ju venile females had increased verses males (Gabbidon Greeen, 2013). In 2009 juveniles under the ages 15 accounted for 3.8% of the arrested made and for those under 18yrs, it was about 14.1 arrests. 15.) The purpose of Howell and Hutto’s (2012) study was to see if it was true that African American and Hispanics juveniles in adult court receive more severe punishments than white juveniles. The study addresses this issue by seeing if whether race has an impact on transfer juvenile being sentence to restitution, probation, or jail (Howell Hutto, 2012). 16.) The three hypothesis are as follow: 1.) African Americans, Hispanics and other

Evil Evil And Evil - 981 Words

God created the man free, impartial to neither good nor evil, and it s the life experience that impressed with the man as he grows up. Everyone has an evil seed planted inside him. Only the really evil person acts on it and commits actions morally wrong. On the other side, the good person has many ideas how to live the life having morals. Everybody has the potential to bring out whether the good side of him or the evil side. Humans should work on doing the right, but at the same time they can be evil and have been evil at some point. Actually an evil person is one who hasn t any good side in him, but that really impossible, everyone has the light and dark, positive and negative inside him or her. No single person is literally evil. People can t judge nor demonstrate who is evil and who is not because there is no evil meter to determine. Some people act evil and think they are good, having a different perspective about what is good. The people that kill others in the War and never end it unless they are successful, having the believe that they are doing the right thing. Where is the good in killing innocent civilians. Definitely there s something wrong in the concept of being a good man having morals in life. If that is true that killing is right, then what s evil we are afraid from to face? Some people believe that evil is the lack of sympathy, having no mercy in the heart, which can lead afterward into murdering the innocent, destroying the lives of other human beings.Show MoreRelatedEvil : Evil And Evil1548 Words   |  7 PagesIt is with no surprise that evil is lurking all around us. We live in a world that is unpredictable and dangerous. There are two categories of evil. The first is natural evil, which focuses on nature. The second is moral evil, which focuses on harm among others. The problem of evil is known to object the existence of God. Many atheists will say that if God is so good, then why do bad things happen to good people? Not to mention why did God create a bad world? We are often left speechless by theRead MoreEvil : Evil Or Evil?1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe problem with evil in the world causes one of the major obstacles for the belief existence of God. With all the evil, corruption, and suffering it can make the existence of a higher power difficult to accept. It makes many people question, is there really a God or sacred power watching over us? If there is a God, why would all this pain and suffering be allowed to happen to the innocent and weak. Frances (2013) noted that he is powerful enough to create just about any universe he wanted, thenRead MoreEvil : Evil And Evil1300 Words   |  6 Pagespaper) is fundamentally good and moral, and is even unable to create evil, then how did evil come to be in the life we are living? According to the problem of evil, if there is a God, there is no evil. But because there is evil in the world, the conclusion can be drawn that there is no God (Sober). At first glance, this argument is perfectly logical. However, this claim may be reversed. For if one is indicating that there is evil in this world, they are believing that there has been a â€Å"line† drawnRead MoreThe Theory Of Evil And Administrative Evil1023 Words   |  5 Pagesassigned reading, I was captured by the dynamics of evil and administrative evil in the authors seek to provide a more affluent and deeper description of evil in general and of administrative evil. The common characteristic of administrative evil is that the typical person inside of their normal professional and administrative roles can participate in demonstrations of evil without being mindful that they are doing anything incorrectly. Administrative evil can be simply taking home office supplies. IRead MoreThe Existence Of Evil : Evil1451 Words   |  6 Pages The existence of evil seems undeniable. As we progress through our lives and go through our everyday routines, we can see and acknowledge that evil is all around us. By simply turning on the news, we are immediately bombarded with reports of violent murders, dangerous storms, robberies and a new dangerous disease affecting half of the countries in the world. There is no denying that people suffer because we have experienced pain and suffering ourselves. At one point or another in our lives, we areRead MoreThe Evil Of Evil People975 Words   |  4 PagesEvil People By nature, humankind tends to be more evil than good. Even though, some people are born with kinder temperament than others, everyone is conceived and birth in sin (Psalm 58.3). For this, in many traditions, once a woman gives birth, the baby is either baptized or blessed by his community to welcome him into the world, and to remove him from sin. People are naturally self-centered, jealous, mean individuals who want to gain, but not work hard. They crave violence, and would instantlyRead MoreEvil, The, And The Threat Of Evil1830 Words   |  8 PagesA reason that ascriptions of perverse can be particularly injurious or dangerous is that it isn t always visible what companions mean when they use the term ‘evil.’ As Eve Garrard clown it â€Å"the general privacy encompassment the term constrain some thinkers very backward to appeal to the consideration of evil†(Garrard 2002, 322). For instance, some people believe that to say that someone complete an bad deed invo lved that that person execute out of malice (see e.g., Kekes 2005), while others believeRead MoreThe Existence Of Evil And Evil1591 Words   |  7 PagesThe existence of evil in the world caused people to questioned the existence of the perfect God. If God was truly omnipotent, omniscient, and perfectly good, then why would he let terrible things happen to good people? In recent news, we have witnessed many innocent deaths caused by a school shooting, a child raped, natural disaster, and other tragic events. If God was in control of everything, does this means that he allows these bad things to happen to humanity? This suffering seems to conflictsRead MoreEvil Is Good Or Evil?1448 Words   |  6 PagesEvil is the privation of goodness; in other words, evil is goodness spoiled. You can have good without evil, but you cannot have evil without good. There are forces of good and evil constantly working against each other in this world. Although it may seem as if evil has won sometimes , good will always prevail in the end. In Genesis 1-2, we can read that God created all things and called them â€Å"good.† Evil, or sin, is inescapable for humanity. We were born with a sin nature, and God loves us and hasRead MoreEvil Vs. Good And Evil1055 Words   |  5 PagesEvil vs. Good-Which One Shall Gain Control? Good and evil are a contradiction that works together. What I mean by this statement is that although good and evil are two very separate things, they could not exist without each other. Good is anything of which can be morally right. Evil is anything of profound wickedness. They are very different, aren’t they? Now, read a newspaper, listen to a story, or turn on the news. It is not definite, but you most likely will hear about an occurrence

Unit 13 Special Interest Tourism Free Essays

Explain how two relationships between special interests and tourism have developed Educational tourism is used by schools and colleges or any institution to allow student to go on trips, theses trips will only be for education purpose. It can be linked to a course in order to know more about certain things and acquire knowledge on different visits made to a museum for example, which will help student to learn about different artefacts, cultures, artist most valued painting and historical and cultural or even aquamarine depending on the type of museum and field trip.Changes in curriculum have led to an increase in the number of school tour operators. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit 13: Special Interest Tourism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Nowadays, teachers do not have the time to organise trips, it is now impossible to accomplish, there are to many paper to fill in, they have to teach the children with lessons that takes time to put in place, give them the work, compulsory coursework and make correction, and for students taking GSCE which was first introduced in 1986, the length of the program is long there is more testing and exams everything has to be though.That is why the demand on school operator is increasing. School operator are used by institution to allow a field trip to be put in place, the company will help gather the entire component to make a package. The component consist of the transport, transfer, the place they will be going, any paper document that need to be provided toward health and safety security. When all the assessments are made, they will be able to provide schools with an itinerary for the day trip or month trip depending on the duration from the departure, the detail, to the return.An event happened in 1993 concerning The Lyme Bay canoeing disaster where four children from a group of eight by errors were swept out to sea and drowned; they were accompanied by two instructors. The impact made, it scared teacher because of the lack of safety measure, they are scared because they are in charge of the children and all the responsibilities comes back to them in case an accident occur.Parents do not want to send their kids on trips if it is not safe, there is no insurance, where there is lack of information about the activities and what will the children be doing on that day. This is why after the disaster a new law was p assed, The Activity Centres (Young person Safety) Act 1995 which states that anyone putting adventure activities for under 18 year old must hold a license. This was an advantage for specialist school operators, which is now popular because there are certified and has got the experience in that matter. The type of product and services offered by school tour operators to their customers are, subject focused trips and tour, visits and trips designed for a certain age group, planning and booking information for teachers, they also state their experience with safety, experience and offer customer service and providing the teacher and students with the necessary financial protection, through ABTA and ATOL bonds. Tour operators allowed schools to go on more trips and to go to more unusual destination.Back in time schools could only organised trip inside the borough they live in or not to far so they can walk and come back walking, it was not really exiting for the children because they were spending half of their day walking, it consisted in visiting local museum, going to cinema, swimming pool, it was more general not related to education and knowledge purpose, but much more to get the kids out and have fun.Now with the school tour operator they are able to go to more destinations, whic h they were not thinking of, such as coach excursion, it is more specialised, they will know they are going to such place to learn about a subject. An example of college student studying history or politics will be able to have a school trip to Paris, tailored made by the tour operator which will allow students to discover over 2000 years of history, politics and culture on the French history life.From the Package Travel Regulations 1992 it is said that tour operators and travel agents are liable if the third parties that it works with, give customers poor products or services. Normally they should not have any difficulties and issues on the quality of service from airlines, hotel, guides, coach if they check that the company provider hold all the formal document to give the student a secure trip. About NSTgroup overview Start up: NST was first formed and established in 1967 and is now the UK’s leading educational travel company for Primary Schools, Secondary Schools nd Colleges. Size: It is the largest tour operator for schools, and offer good prices for educational travel market. -They are part of the Education Division of Holiday break plc, the European specialist holiday group and PGL – Also have an associate company in Dublin – Bonded ATOL and ABTA No’ of employees: NST employs over 200 employees in Blackpool head office and  Cambridge office How you book: You can book through their internet website: http://www. nstgroup. co. uk/contact-us By electronic email: info@nstgroup. o. uk By phone number: 0845 688 8988 and differ according each subject of the visit as shown below†¦ |Art Design |0845 293 7959 |email | |Business Studies Economics |0845 293 7969 |email | |Classical Studies | 0845 293 7960 | | And more†¦ Development of Dark TourismDark tourism is a special interest activity for tourist and anyone who wants to see and know more about the history of a destination. It include taking part and visiting site where an event happen, it can be a conflict sites, sites of death, shrine, castle and battlefields, sites where a disaster happened in the past, prisons and purpose built centres which promote dark tourism. These are some of the location around the world tourist can go to take place in dark tourism: – Ground Zero in New-York in remembrance of the 9/11 – The German extermination camp at Auschwitz in Poland Beaumaris Prison in Anglesey, Wales – Chernobyl in ex USSR – Ghost hunting tourism in Scotland – Camps of Genocide Before the 21st century Dark tourism, there used to be public execution where crowed was coming to see and assist to, also the Roman used to fight in sites and die there and people were still attracted to it and had the will to approach and assist. In the ancient time people have at all times been enthusiastic to stop to places where battles, massacres and wickedness were agreed. There are some Dark Tourism tour operators who only cater for Battlefield destination around the world.However Dark tourism Tour operator is not as much developed, tourist who will want to go to certain sites will have to do some research on how to get there independently and know what they will be doing and see and put together they own package holiday. The motivations of tourist taking part in Dark tourism: – Some tourist are fascinated with death and disaster – The media showing a certain place will influence on your choice – Maybe to feel the suffering – Preserve the site – Interest in history – Morbidity – Heritage to education – Remembrance of famous people that mark the historyThese are possible motivation on why tourists are visiting theses places. The type of product and services provided by dark tourism operator as Holts Tours which offer coach tour departures, including the itinerary , flights, they care for special request, meals, accommodation facilities, disabilities and medical condition, safety, health, privacy and data, instruction on overseas standards. When going on Dark tourism holiday, tourists have the opportunity to discover and see a site where such event happen This is an example for an EXETER WEEKENDITINERARY Day 1 (Friday): Meet at the Southgate hotel from 14:30 onwards. Welcome drink at 18:00, dinner and a talk by a local historian. Day 2: A tour of the city including a visit to the Cathedral. After an early lunch, drive out to Castle Drogo designed by Sir Edwin Luytens. – Dinner in hotel. Day 3: The military element of this weekend is a visit to Slapton Sands where they will hear the story of Exercise Tiger, the rehearsal for the D-Day invasion that went so disastrously wrong. – Lunch and return to Exeter by 15:30.For some people it can be ethically and morally right for them to take part in dark tourism, if it can help them reconnect with something or someone they have lost. If for example their parents took part in a war and died in such place, it can be a way of remembrance to go and visit such place. However I think it is not of use to visit these places for fun and being fascinated by disaster but it is useful if they use it for education purpose for the historical or cultural reasons. History of the War Research Society and Battlefield ToursThe War Research Society and Battlefield Tours was founded over 20 years ago by policeman retired police officers, ex-service personnel and friends, The War Research Society has taken thousands of pilgrims, veterans, widows and children to visit the battlefields, memorials and resting places to the areas of the First and Second World War in Northern France, Belgium, Turkey and Italy. How you book: The broc hure contains details of all the battlefield and memorial tours and additional tour information, departure times, National Express connections, and booking forms, it can also be requested by email, phone or post.Ground Zero in New-York in remembrance of the 9/11 Times after the attack in New-York on World trade centre in September 2001, it been decided by the local and family of the victim to put up in place a place of remembrance which is now called Ground Zero and is a memorial place with picture of victims everywhere, on phone booths, street lights, walls of subway stations. A museum has also been put in place showing pictures of the events. In 2011 there will be a new site opening ‘Reflecting Absence’, which ill have cascading waterfalls with illuminated reflecting pools at the site of the towers. The names of the 2979 people who died during the attacks that day will be inscribed around the edge of the waterfalls. It said that in 2008, 47 million of people came to visit New-York especially to come by Ground Zero which is a must see in the city. Since the opening it really is a benefit for the local, they even making profit on the visiting by charging visitors with a fee of $10 per entrance, which they use for charity and different need to help in the development. How to cite Unit 13: Special Interest Tourism, Papers

The Philosophical Interpretations Of Net Neutrality Essay Example For Students

The Philosophical Interpretations Of Net Neutrality Essay Understanding Two Conflicting Theoretical Interpretations of Net NeutralityCyberspace is generating a new sense of urgency for protection and privacy of individuals’ personal information. Anonymity is decreasing while security is increasing in a society that is so heavily connected to the World Wide Web. Information has become the target of many large multi-million dollar companies and government institutions. It is an alarming revelation that companies and institutions have access to personal information with the sole intention to maximize financial gain or what the government feels is â€Å"security†. It is clear that privacy has become the number one commodity for end users on the Internet (Boulos, 2008). We will write a custom essay on The Philosophical Interpretations Of Net Neutrality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It goes without saying, that net neutrality is a necessity for many people; however, it poses many ethical and moral questions about privacy and autonomy. This paper will investigate these moral and ethical debates that encompass the battle for net neutrality from a deontological standpoint, as well as, a utilitarian standpoint. Since the Internet is not regulated with the same set of rules and laws found in real world, net neutrality to a Deontological theorist would be viewed as a moral and ethical dilemma. Therefore, autonomy on the Internet seems to be non-existent, and rightness and wrongness are skewed by the idea that their individual actions hold no real world consequence. Deontologists do not focus on consequence; however, the focus is on reason and the universality of an individuals actions, which Kant calls the categorical imperative (Pogge, 1998). It is the universality of ones actions, in particular the end user, that causes the moral issue, for instance, a deontologist would argue that an individual on the streets a. .ves have created a contradiction within themselves, a double edge sword that appears to only offer one beneficial part of the internet at the cost of a negative aspect of the internet. It is evident that net neutrality is a morally difficult situation and it is clear through these two theories that neither of them are perfect. Although, it seems in this case that deontology is the most morally correct and just. Privacy is a major commodity by today’s standards; consequently, the end user cannot expect privacy from the very companies that he or she steals from. Deontology stands for equality so you cannot expect to have one without the other. It is the harsh reality to the ever-changing use of the Internet and regulations at both ends of the spectrums, institutions through to the end-user, will create autonomy and reason that regulate unjust actions.

The Development of Human Greek Scriptures essays

The Development of Human Greek Scriptures essays During the Archaic (600b.c. - 480b.c.), Classical (480b.c. - 320b.c.) and Hellenistic (320b.c. - 30b.c.) periods, the developments of Greek freestanding sculpture and the human body progressed considerably. The forms and features of the human sculpture changed dramatically from generation to generation. While each time period developed a knowledge and understanding of the human body and its anatomy, the forms of human sculptures began to mature and change. Many wonderful masterpieces came from these time periods, each showing art forms in a new light. Three freestanding sculptures from different time periods in ancient Greek will be discussed in detail throughout this paper. The sculptures will show how the development of the human anatomy became fine-tuned. Each sculpture shows life and expressions in a manner that is unique and sensitive. The first sculpture is from the Archaic period and is called the New York Kouros (580b.c.), also known as Apollo. It is made from marble and stands at 6 4. This sculpture is located at the Metropolitan Museum of art in New York City. The second sculpture is the Spear Bearer (450b.c.), which is from the Classical period. The original was made from marble and is 6 6. This sculpture was originally at the athletic field in Pompeii, but is now at the Museum of Naples. Lastly will be the sculpture of Laocoon and his sons (50b.c.) from the Hellenistic period. This sculpture is also made from marble and its height is 8 tall. To see this dramatic masterpiece people must travel to the Vati can Museum in Rome. Freestanding sculptures from the Archaic period presented the human body as being stiff with no movement or dramatic expressions. This can be seen in the Archaic freestanding sculpture of Kouros, which means young boy. Kouros was always in the nude. The Kouros sculpture served as a religious figure and is an attempt to copy the images of ...

Relief From Tax Penalties and Interest

Relief From Tax Penalties and Interest The best way to not have to pay tax penalties or interest to the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) is to file your income tax return on time and to pay your taxes when they are due. However, if exceptional circumstances beyond your control have made it extremely difficult or impossible for you to do that, you can submit a written request to the CRA asking that penalties or interest (not taxes) be canceled or waived. Taxpayer relief provisions in Canadian income tax legislation make a provision for the Minister of National Revenue to grant full or partial relief from penalty or interest payments at his/her discretion, although it is by no means handed out easily. Even if you cant pay your taxes in full, file your income tax return anyway. Before the CRA will even look at an application for relief from penalties or interest, all of your tax returns need to be filed. Deadline for Requesting Taxpayer Penalty or Interest Relief In order to be considered for relief, a request must be made within 10 years from the end of the calendar year in which the tax year or fiscal period at issue ended. Reasons Tax Penalties or Interest May Be Cancelled or Waived The CRA considers four different types of situation when considering relief from tax penalties or interest. Extraordinary Circumstances: These can include disasters, such as a flood or fire which destroyed your tax records; civil disturbances or disruption in services, such as a riot or postal strike; a serious accident or illness; or serious emotional or mental distress such as a death in the family. The circumstances of some divorces could fall into this category also.Actions by the CRA: This category is for delays that were caused primarily by the CRA. Examples are if a taxpayer was not informed within a reasonable time that an amount was owing; if a taxpayer was given incorrect information; and unreasonable and extended delays in the resolution of an objection or an appeal, or in the completion of an audit.Inability to Pay for Financial Hardship: In these situations, financial hardship means that penalties or interest are causing such hardship that the taxpayer cant provide for basic necessities such as food, rent or medical assistance. Another situation might be if tax interest or pen alties are preventing the taxpayer from ever paying taxes owing. This category requires full financial disclosure and extensive and detailed supporting documentation. Taxpayers are expected to borrow money and to sell assets if possible to meet their tax obligations. Other Circumstances: For unique situations not covered by the other categories. How to Submit a Request for Taxpayer Relief The best way to submit your request is to use the form provided by the CRA: RC4288, Request for Taxpayer Relief Be sure to read Information to Assist in Completing this Form on the last page of the form for definitions and guidance. Examples of the supporting documents that are required to support your request are also given in that section. You can also write a letter and send it to the correct address. Clearly, mark TAXPAYER RELIEF on the envelope and on your correspondence. Whether you use the form or write a letter, make sure to include a complete description of the circumstances and your tax information. Make your case in as straightforward, factual and complete a manner as possible. The CRA provides a list of information to include with your request. More on Taxpayer Relief on Penalties and Interest For detailed information on Taxpayer Relief Provisions see the CRA Guide Information Circular: Taxpayer Relief Provisions IC07-1. See Also: Penalties for Filing Your Canadian Income Taxes LateWays to Pay Your Canadian Personal Income Taxes

Information Security and the National Infrastructure Case Study

Information Security and the National Infrastructure - Case Study Example The present research has identified that in the very old resist among defender and attacker, the attacker above ever comes into view to have the benefits by being well armed, generously deciding the strength of the attack and the target and without constraints of geographical distances and frontiers. In addition, the Federal Government administrator has approved actions against security and vulnerability based issues which have become more and more critical for national infrastructure in the United States began by the PDD (Presidential Decision Directive/NSC-63) on CIP (Critical Infrastructure Protection), approved by Bill Clinton in 1988. Additionally, the managerial synopses of those directives involve the protection of national natural resources for better corporate management and handling. Moreover, national critical infrastructures are based on cyber or physical systems that are essential to the lowest processes of the financial and government departments. In this scenario, thes e departments comprise, however, are not limited to, energy, telecommunications, finance, banking, water, transportation and emergency systems and services; in cooperation with private and government. Additionally, the majority of the nation’s important infrastructures have traditionally been logically and physically detached systems that had small mutual dependence. However, in the result of advancements in information technology and the need for increased performance, these arrangements have turned out to be more and more interlinked and automated.

The 21st century has begun. What changes do you think this new century Essay

The 21st century has begun. What changes do you think this new century will bring Use examples and details in your answer - Essay Example While many people consider technological devices to make our lives easier, they can also have a detrimental effect on our well-being. It’s getting to the stage now where almost no one sends anything by post because it takes too long to reach its destination. This next century could see our virtual lives becoming just as significant as our real lives. Another change that the next century will bring is global wars. Although there have been global conflicts in the previous century, modern technology will result in the types of wars that we have never seen before. Long gone are the days where two armies came together and fought it out on the battlefield. Another element that will make world wars interesting over the next 100 years is the use of nuclear weapons. Countries such as Iran and North Korea have, or will have, the technology and desire to attack nations that they consider to be their enemies. Perhaps the most exciting change of this century will be the advances in medicines. Global sicknesses that were once thought of as deadly will be consigned to the history books. This will result in humans being able to live longer, which may be either a good or bad thing depending on who gains access to these advanced types of medicines. What we do know is that the standard of living will improve for most

Fast Food and the Community: Does It Matter What We Eat? Essay

Table of Contents Forward †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 1. Fast Food and Obesity †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....†¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦ 4 2. Fast Food in America: Low Wages †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦ 11 3. From Waist to Waste †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 20 4. The Benefits of the Fast Food Industry on the Individual †¦.. 28 5. Building the Relationship Between Fast Food and Community ........... 37 Works Cited †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 40 Forward What are the implications of having fast food restaurants in a community? Information was collected about fast food restaurants’ contribution to communities through the lenses of obesity, wages, waste, benefits, and community relations. While there may be negatives surrounding the fast food industry, fast food restaurants do benefit the community in some ways. 1. Fast Food and Obesity America is the fattest country in the entire world and is getting fatter. Obesity is the second biggest killer next to deaths caused by smoking. In 1991, 1 in every 8 adults was obese; in 1999, 1 in every 5 adults was obese, which shows how America is becoming more obese all of the time. In 1991, only four states had obesity prevalence rates of 15 to 19% and no states had rates at or above 20%. On the other hand, in 2004, 7 states had 15 to 19% prevalence; an overwhelming number of 33 states had 20 to 24% prevalence, and 9 states had rates of more than 25% prevalence. The U.S. Surgeon General says that 61% of Americans are significantly overweight compared to in the 1990’s of 55% and in the 1970’s, where it was 46%. The question is, are these results a direct effect of the fast food industry? One in every four people visits fast food daily. With the average American eating 3 hamburgers and four orders of fries a week, there are several rea... ...y." www.bk.com. Burger King. 13 Apr. 2006 . "Do What Tastes Right-Wendys.Com." Wendy's. 12 Apr. 2 . Farmer, Kevin J. Personal interview. 17 Apr. 2006. "Global Diversity." Yum! Brands, Inc. 13 Apr. 2006 . Hernley, Rosella. Telephone interview. 17 Apr. 2006. Monfront, Jeff. Telephone interview. 17 Apr. 2006. "Official SUBWAY Restaurants' Web Site." Subway Restaurants. 12 Apr. 2006 . "Operating Guidelines." www.mcdonalds.com. McDonalds. 13 Apr. 2006 . "TacoBell.Com." Taco Bell. 12 Apr. 2006 . Tenwadle, Jonathan. Personal interview. 19 Apr. 2006. "Welcome to KFC." KFC. 12 Apr. 2006 . "Welcome to McDonald's." McDonalds. 12 Apr. 2006 .

4th Amendmant and Probable Cause

In the United States, the police must, whenever practicable, obtain advance judicial approval of searches and seizures through the appropriate warrant procedure. In most instances, failure to comply with the warrant requirement can only be excused by exigent circumstances. There should be circumstances sufficient to warrant a prudent man to believe that the person stopped had committed or was committing an offense. Intrusions upon constitutionally guaranteed rights must be based on more than unarticulated hunches, and simple good faith on part of the officer is not enough. The facts should prove reasonable inferences derived from unusual conduct. A person may assert violation of his Fourth Amendment rights in connection with search or seizure only if he can demonstrate a legitimate expectation of privacy in the area searched or items seized. To establish, for Fourth Amendment purposes, a legitimate expectation of privacy in area searched or items seized, defendants must demonstrate: (1) subjective expectation of privacy; and (2) that this expectation is one that society is prepared to recognize as objectively reasonable. Under Fourth Amendment, police are authorized to conduct a warrantless protective pat-down of individuals they encounter in the field so long as their concerns are justified by reasonable suspicion of possible danger. Under the Fourth Amendment, police may execute warrantless searches incident to a lawful arrest, as it is reasonable for authorities to search an arrestee for weapons that might threaten their safety, or for evidence which might be destroyed. The United States Supreme Court has explicitly determined that a person has no reasonable expectation of privacy in an automobile belonging to another. Though the passenger does not have a standing to challenge the search of car that he does not own, he can still challenge the lawfulness of his own detention when the car is stopped at a drug interdiction checkpoint, and therefore, he can seek to suppress any evidence seized as fruit of his allegedly illegal detention. Even assuming that drug interdiction checkpoint was legal, such that the officers did not violate the passenger’s Fourth Amendment rights by stopping the vehicle in which he was riding, a passenger’s detention was held to be independent and separate from officers’ discovery of drugs during the search of the vehicle’s driver/owner consensual search of the vehicle. The stop and search of a moving automobile can be made without a warrant but, automobile or no automobile, there must be probable cause for the search. Probable cause to search exists when there is a fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime will be found in a particular place. Standards of â€Å"reasonable suspicion† and â€Å"probable cause,† as used to evaluate constitutionality of investigative stops and searches, are not readily, or even usefully, reduced to a neat set of legal rules but rather are common sense, non- technical conceptions that deal with factual and practical considerations of everyday life on which reasonable and prudent persons, not legal technicians, act. Standards are fluid concepts that take their substantive content from particular contexts in which standards are being assessed. The United States Supreme Court held that brief, suspicion-less seizures at highway checkpoints for the purposes of combating drunk driving and intercepting illegal immigrants were constitutional. The Fourth Amendment requires that searches and seizures be reasonable. A search and seizure is ordinarily unreasonable in the absence of individualized suspicion of wrongdoing. When officers have reasonable suspicion that occupants of a vehicle are engaged in criminal activity, they may briefly stop the vehicle to investigate. Police may make an investigative stop of a vehicle when they have reasonable suspicion of an ongoing crime, whether it be a felony or misdemeanor, including drunk driving in jurisdictions where that is a criminal offense. Police may also make a stop when they have reasonable suspicion of a completed felony, though not of a mere completed misdemeanor. The court in various cases held that for purposes of determining whether an investigatory stop is justified by reasonable suspicion, the following instances may be taken in to account, as the traffic violation of failure to stay within lanes, a driver’s slowing down, stiffening of posture, and failure to acknowledge a sighted law enforcement officer might well be unremarkable in one instance, such as a busy San Francisco highway, while quite unusual in another, such as a remote portion of rural southeastern Arizona. But a brief veering out of a lane of travel on a windy day does not give probable cause to the police to stop the vehicle. In making reasonable-suspicion determinations, reviewing courts must look at the totality of the circumstances of each case to see whether the detaining officer has a particularized and objective basis for suspecting legal wrongdoing. â€Å"Totality of the circumstances† approach to making reasonable-suspicion determinations allows officers to draw on their own experience and specialized training to make inferences from and deductions about the cumulative information available to them that might well elude an untrained person. Although an officer’s reliance on a mere â€Å"hunch† is insufficient to justify an investigatory stop, the likelihood of criminal activity need not rise to the level required for probable cause, and it falls considerably short of satisfying a preponderance of the evidence standard. Although the concept of reasonable suspicion required to justify an investigatory stop is somewhat abstract, the United States Supreme Court has deliberately avoided reducing it to a neat set of legal rules. In determining whether individualized suspicion is required to support a stop of a motorist’s vehicle, the United States Supreme Court considered the nature of the interests threatened and their connection to the particular law enforcement practices at issue. The Court is particularly reluctant to recognize exceptions to the general rule of individualized suspicion where governmental authorities primarily pursue their general crime control ends. While subjective intentions on the part of police officers play no role in ordinary, probable-cause Fourth Amendment analysis, checkpoint stops may be relevant to the validity of Fourth Amendment intrusions undertaken pursuant to a general scheme without individualized suspicion. The United States Supreme Court determined that checkpoints set up for general crime prevention, including drug interdiction, do not pass constitutional muster under the Fourth Amendment. The United States Supreme Court noted that checkpoint cases only limited exceptions to the general rule that a seizure must be accompanied by some measure of individualized suspicion. An Anatomy of a Criminal Trial Most criminal trials follow a uniform set of procedures. The many rituals associated with modern trials have developed over centuries. America’s common law heritage makes it possible for all states and the federal government to follow a largely uniform set of procedures. Assuming that the trial is carried out to completion, those procedures are as follows: Decision on judge or jury. The defense decides whether it wants the case tried by a judge or a jury (the prosecution can’t require a jury trial). Jury selection. If the trial will be held before a jury, the defense and prosecution select the jury through a question and answer process called â€Å"voir dire. † In federal courts and many state courts, the judge carries out this process using questions suggested by the attorneys as well as questions that the judge comes up with on his or her own. Evidence issues. The defense and prosecution request the court, in advance of trial, to admit or exclude certain evidence. These requests are called motions â€Å"in limine. † Opening statements. The prosecution and then the defense make opening statements to the judge or jury. These statements provide an outline of the case that each side expects to prove. Because neither side wants to look foolish to the jury, the attorneys are careful to promise only what they think they can deliver. In some cases the defense attorney reserves opening argument until the beginning of the defense case. Prosecution case-in-chief. The prosecution presents its main case through direct examination of prosecution witnesses by the prosecutor. Cross-examination. The defense may cross-examine the prosecution witnesses. Redirect. The prosecution may re-examine its witnesses. Prosecution rests. The prosecution finishes presenting its case. Motion to dismiss (optional). The defense may move to dismiss the charges if it thinks that the prosecution has failed to produce enough evidence — even if the jury believes it — to support a guilty verdict. Denial of motion to dismiss. Almost always, the judge denies the defense motion to dismiss. Defense case-in-chief. The defense presents its main case through direct examination of defense witnesses. Cross-examination. The prosecutor cross-examines the defense witnesses. Redirect. The defense re-examines the defense witnesses. Defense rests. The defense finishes presenting its case. Prosecution rebuttal. The prosecutor offers evidence to refute the defense case. Settling on jury instructions. The prosecution and defense get together with the judge and craft a final set of instructions that the judge will give the jury. Prosecution closing argument. The prosecution makes its closing argument, summarizing the evidence as the prosecution sees it, and explaining why the jury should render a guilty verdict. Defense closing argument. The defense makes its closing argument, summarizing the evidence as the defense sees it, and explaining why the jury should render a not guilty verdict — or at least a guilty verdict on a lesser charge. Prosecution rebuttal. The prosecution has the last word, if it chooses to do so, and again argues that the jury has credible evidence that supports a finding of guilty. Jury instructions. The judge instructs the jury about what law to apply to the case and how to carry out its duties. (Some judges â€Å"preinstruct† juries, reciting instructions before closing argument or even at the outset of trial. ) Jury deliberations. The jury deliberates and tries to reach a verdict. Most states require unanimous agreement, but Oregon and Louisiana allow convictions with only 10 of 12 votes. Post-trial motions. If the jury produces a guilty verdict, the defense often makes post-trial motions requesting the judge to override the jury and either grant a new trial or acquit the defendant. Denial of post-trial motions. Almost always, the judge denies the defense post-trial motions. Sentencing. Assuming a conviction (a verdict of â€Å"guilty†), the judge either sentences the defendant on the spot or sets sentencing for another day. To read and printout a copy of the Form please link below. Checklist: Documents Your Attorney Will Need Be Sociable, Share! Twitter Facebook email StumbleUpon Delicious Google Reader LinkedIn BlinkList Digg Google Bookmarks Myspace Post to Twitter

Aristotle, A World-Renowned Greek Philosopher Once Noted

Aristotle, a world-renowned Greek philosopher once noted a tragedy is â€Å"the imitation of an action that is serious and also, as having magnitude, complete in itself...in a dramatic, not in a narrative form; with incidents arousing pity and fear, wherewith to accomplish its catharsis of such emotions (Bywater, 1920, p. 35).† These words encapsulate the perception that tragedy is a mimicry surrounded by an underlying purpose through a direct action that arouses the audience’s emotions of fear and relief by witnessing a dreadful or gripping change that happens to the protagonist. Between Greek and Elizabethan times, characters were developed to portray tragic people, who possessed flaws that created drastic consequences for them in the†¦show more content†¦Cordelia chose to be truthful with her father instead of lying like her sisters, which caused her to be disowned, thus establishing the central conflict to arise within the kingdom. In relation, Jason rid ded Medea as a wife and began an affair with the Princess of Corinth â€Å"to make provision for you [Medea] and the children (Euripides, 1993, p.15)†. Even though he thought this would benefit Medea and their children, his rash judgment proved similar to Cordelia’s situation, as this produced problems between Medea and Jason, which later is shown to be detrimental to Jason. Although their flaws caused tragedy to strike, Cordelia and Jason remained consistent in their behaviors throughout the play and never changed who they truly were. Consistency of a character’s attributes and traits during a play tends to create a more believable character and storyline. According to Poetics, a written theory by Aristotle, it states that the second most important element in a tragedy is a character that never does or says anything that will be seen as â€Å"acting out of character† (cited in Lonardo, 2012). When a character does something that is against their better judgment, it makes it difficult for the audience to accept that what they are doing is the right course of action. Furthermore, Aristotle goes on to specify that for a character to be considered aShow MoreRelatedAlexander The Great : The Characters Of Alexander The Great1222 Words   |  5 PagesAlexander, and several time he himself made mistakes when in an intense emotional episode. Aristotle, a famous philosopher who tutored Alexander gave him a sense of cultural respect. Alexander was taught reverence for important artistic sites, which is evi dent in his conquest, when he does in fact give respect to said sites. 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